European Treaties Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Treaties - Case Study Example Lisbon retains the present categories of legislative acts (regulations, directives, decisions), rather than using the categories of framework decisions, decisions and conventions in the Constitution5. The Lisbon Treaty also says explicitly, for the first time, that a country has the right to leave the European Union, something that has always been so under international law, but which has not been formally stated in a European Treaty before. In so doing, the Member States of the European Union have created the largest, and indeed the only, voluntary multinational democracy in human history6. Another major change is the procedure for conferring jurisdiction on the European Union courts to rule on patent disputes between private parties would, in the Reform Treaty, remain (as at present) unanimity in the Council and national ratification, whereas the Constitutional Treaty provided for qualified majority voting in the Council and co decision with the European Parliament7. The provisions for an 'emergency brake' on certain criminal law measures (allowing a Member State to block decision-making on criminal procedure or substantive criminal law, where voting will take place by a qualified majority) would be altered to make it explicit that European Union leaders must act by consensus if the issue is referred to them. The provision on social security for migrant workers, which would also be made subject to qualified majority voting and which also contains a similar emergency brake, would be altered to provide that European Union leaders could decide not to take action on a proposal; a declaration would also confirm that the EU leaders must act by consensus if the issue is referred to... Treaty Of Lisbon: Amendments to the treaty on European Union, House Of Commons Library, 24th January 2008, retrieved on 12th January 2009. Hilary White, Ireland to Hold Second Lisbon Treaty Referendum: Prime Minister Confirms, Lifesitenews.com, 22nd December 2008, retrieved on 13th January 2009. http://www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2008/dec/08122202.html

Terrorism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Terrorism - Research Paper Example The united states need to use the all the tools, that are at its disposal including the international diplomacy, corporation and constructive engagement to economic sanctions in order to convert physical security and military force towards eliminating the vice. Therefore, this paper examines the international terrorist action and threats in the United States of America and the country’s response to the same. However, some countries like Iran seems to support and sponsor terrorism as their main specter for proliferation of weapons. Survey has also shown that Al Qaeda terrorist group has attempted to acquire biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons. Thus, the stake for war with the international terrorism is increasing becoming difficult and the margins for terror as well to select the appropriate policy to prevent the terrorists’ attacks (Hamilton 381). The United States policy towards eliminating the international terrorism has more of military significant componen t as in the case with Iraq. The major concern over this global phenomenon is how to maximize international cooperation and support that is unduly compromising. The state department is to release its annual report on terrorism. From the prior expectation, the current report carries more and advanced patterns of terrorism than earlier editions. The United States has set strategic approach in its anti-terrorist plan. These plans revolve around defeating the terrorist as a major source of threat to human life. The country also aims at providing an environment that is hospitable free of terrorism across the globe. Through this plan, the United States seeks to enhance the existing national strategy for combating terrorist across the world. The US must engage in realm of ideas that are in conjunction with the ongoing efforts to protect and defect the homeland against any form of terrorist attack (Gordon 79). International terrorism is increasingly becoming a threat to the United States bot h in its foreign and domestic security. Timing and target of the terrorist to the U.S. may directly affect its effort in controlling and preserving commerce on nuclear proliferation of the Middle East peace process. The radical Islamic groups have sought to exploit economic and the political tensions of the Asian countries. Their sole aim for this attack is to overthrow the secular regimes more so in the countries with large Muslim populations (Krueger 16). The main perception is that these groups are a main threat to the United States policy objectives. The report on Iran as the most active sponsor for terrorism has forced the United States to lay some strategic plans against Middle East countries. The report cites Pakistan as one of the most important partners of the United States on the war against the world terrorism. Pakistan securities services cooperate closely with the U.S.to eliminate terrorism. Sudan and Libya have currently collaborated with the United States in the globa l war on terror. Currently, the terrorism has assumed new characteristics of ideological movements thus; fight against it must be a hard task. The much intelligence conducted on terrorist show that, today, most of the terrorism is done on the United States (Jessie and Kinney 705). The terrorist sanctuaries are within the cities or democratic societies. Countries